[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1338},["ShallowReactive",2],{"layout-dao":3,"dao-duanyongping-1999nian-doushikuaibao-caifangshouji":893,"qanda-chapter-navigation":1291},[4,11,16,21,26,31,36,41,46,51,57,63,67,72,76,81,85,90,94,99,103,108,113,118,123,128,134,139,144,149,154,159,164,169,174,179,184,190,195,200,205,210,215,220,225,231,237,242,247,252,257,262,267,272,277,282,287,292,297,302,307,312,317,322,327,332,337,342,347,352,357,362,367,372,377,382,387,392,397,402,407,412,419,426,431,436,440,445,449,454,458,463,468,472,477,482,487,492,497,502,508,513,518,523,528,533,538,542,547,552,557,562,568,573,578,583,588,593,598,603,608,613,618,623,628,633,638,643,649,654,659,664,669,674,679,684,689,694,699,704,709,714,719,724,729,734,739,744,749,755,760,766,772,777,782,787,792,797,802,807,812,817,822,827,832,837,842,847,852,857,862,867,872,877,883,888],{"title":5,"slug":6,"description":7,"category":8,"order":9,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"本分","benfen","\"本分\"最早作为步步高核心理念出现在段永平1999年步步高讲话中。他将其定义为五种心态的合一：","核心哲学",1,null,{"title":12,"slug":13,"description":14,"category":8,"order":15,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"平常心","pingchangxin","\"平常心\"最早出现在段永平1999年步步高内部讲话中，是本分的五个组成部分之一。段永平在那次讲话中首次系统阐述了平常心对企业的意义：",2,{"title":17,"slug":18,"description":19,"category":8,"order":20,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"做对的事情","zuoduideshiqing","\"做对的事情\"这一概念最早可追溯到段永平大学时期。他在2016年浙大60周年专访中回忆：",3,{"title":22,"slug":23,"description":24,"category":8,"order":25,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"把事情做对","bashiqingzuodui","\"把事情做对\"与\"做对的事情\"成对出现，最早可追溯到段永平浙大求学时期（约1981-1982年大三时）：",4,{"title":27,"slug":28,"description":29,"category":8,"order":30,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"能力圈","nengliquan","\"能力圈\"（Circle of Competence）是巴菲特提出的投资概念，段永平在学习巴菲特投资理念后将其吸收并发展。段永平最早系统阐述能力圈是在投资问答录中：",5,{"title":32,"slug":33,"description":34,"category":8,"order":35,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"不做什么","buzuoshenme","\"不做什么\"是段永平经营哲学和投资哲学的核心概念之一，与\"Stop Doing List\"（不为清单）密切相关。这一思想受巴菲特和芒格影响，并在步步高系企业经营中得到长期实践。段永平最早在投资问答录中...",6,{"title":37,"slug":38,"description":39,"category":8,"order":40,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"不做清单与警惕清单","buzuo-yu-jingti","汇总段永平的「Stop Doing List（不为清单）」与「警惕清单（危险信号）」：从企业经营 19 条不做的事、投资上的不做空不借钱不投机，到财报上现金流与利润背离、价值陷阱、有息负债等需要提高警觉的信号。",6.5,{"title":42,"slug":43,"description":44,"category":8,"order":45,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"敢为天下后","ganweitianxiahou","\"敢为天下后\"是段永平在1990年代提出的企业经营策略，最早的公开记录出现在1999年《都市快报》采访中。完整表述为\"敢为天下后，后中争先\"。段永平将老子\"敢为天下先\"反转，表达了后发制人的经营智慧。",7,{"title":47,"slug":48,"description":49,"category":8,"order":50,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"消费者导向","xiaofeizhedaoxiang","消费者导向也被称为\"用户导向\"，两者在段永平的表述中含义相同。段永平有时用\"消费者导向\"，有时用\"用户导向\"，但他特别区分了\"消费者导向\"与\"客户导向\"的不同。",8,{"title":52,"slug":53,"description":54,"category":55,"order":56,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"价值投资","jiazhitouzi","段永平接触价值投资的起点是阅读巴菲特的著作和理论。他在2006年网易证券访谈中回忆：\"我想这也是很久以来的一个想法吧。因为从我一开始做投资，我就从他那里学到很多东西，而且很重要的是他的投资理论给了我很...","投资理念",9,{"title":58,"slug":59,"description":60,"category":61,"order":62,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"负债","fuzhai","负债是段永平特别关注的财务指标之一，强调低负债或无负债的重要性，区分有息负债和无息负债。","财务指标",10,{"title":64,"slug":65,"description":66,"category":55,"order":62,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业模式","shangyemoshi","段永平对商业模式的重视源于2006年与巴菲特共进午餐时的关键对话。这是他在投资理念上最重要的一次进化。",{"title":68,"slug":69,"description":70,"category":55,"order":71,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"护城河","huchenghe","护城河的概念源自巴菲特，段永平在其投资框架中将其视为生意模式的一部分。在投资问答录中，段永平最早系统阐述这一概念大约在2010年前后。",11,{"title":73,"slug":74,"description":75,"category":61,"order":71,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"净现金","jingxianjin","净现金是段永平特别关注的财务指标之一，指公司账上的现金减去负债，是评估公司安全性的重要指标。",{"title":77,"slug":78,"description":79,"category":61,"order":80,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"开销合理性","kaixiaohelixing","开销合理性是段永平特别关注的财务指标之一，强调理性支出，反对为了成长而盲目花钱。",12,{"title":82,"slug":83,"description":84,"category":61,"order":80,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"现金流","xianjinliu","现金流是段永平投资哲学中最基础的概念。他将整个投资体系建立在\"未来现金流折现\"这一核心思维方式之上。这一理念直接来源于巴菲特和格雷厄姆的价值投资理论。",{"title":86,"slug":87,"description":88,"category":61,"order":89,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"真实利润","zhenshilirun","真实利润是段永平特别关注的财务指标之一，强调利润的真实性，区分真实利润与纸上富贵。",13,{"title":91,"slug":92,"description":93,"category":55,"order":89,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"折现","zhexian","折现是段永平投资体系中与现金流密不可分的核心概念。\"未来现金流折现\"是他对投资的一句话定义。这一概念来自巴菲特和格雷厄姆的价值投资理论。",{"title":95,"slug":96,"description":97,"category":55,"order":98,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"安全边际","anquanbianji","安全边际原是格雷厄姆价值投资理论的核心概念，传统理解为\"以低于内在价值的价格买入，留出足够的价格安全空间\"。段永平对这个概念进行了独特的重新诠释——他认为安全边际的核心不是价格，而是对公司的理解度。",14,{"title":100,"slug":101,"description":102,"category":61,"order":98,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"扣除商誉的净资产","jingzichan","扣除商誉的净资产是段永平特别关注的财务指标之一，强调有效净资产，区分赚钱的资产和不赚钱的资产。",{"title":104,"slug":105,"description":106,"category":55,"order":107,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"基本面","jibenmian","基本面在段永平的投资语境中，指的是对一家公司生意本身的深度了解——包括其商业模式、企业文化、产品竞争力、未来盈利能力等。他把关注基本面视为区分投资与投机的关键标志。",15,{"title":109,"slug":110,"description":111,"category":55,"order":112,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"机会成本","jihuichengben","机会成本在段永平的投资体系中有两层含义：一是作为折现率的基准（每个投资者的机会成本不同，决定了他应该用什么标准来评估投资机会）；二是作为投资决策的核心考量（持有一只股票的机会成本是你放弃的其他投资机会...",16,{"title":114,"slug":115,"description":116,"category":55,"order":117,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"长期持有","zhangqichiyou","长期持有在段永平看来不是一个独立的投资策略，而是价值投资的自然结果。他特别强调\"投资长期\"比\"长期投资\"更准确——重点不在于\"长期\"，而在于投的是值得长期拥有的好公司。",17,{"title":119,"slug":120,"description":121,"category":55,"order":122,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投机","touji","投机在段永平的框架中是与价值投资对立的概念。他在1999年做客人民大学时就已经在经营理念中体现了反投机的思想——强调\"播种、耕种，然后才收获\"，反对\"投入2000万短时间挣两亿\"的诱惑。",18,{"title":124,"slug":125,"description":126,"category":55,"order":127,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"止损","zhisun","止损是股票交易中的常见术语，指当股价下跌到一定程度时卖出以限制损失。段永平对止损有明确的态度：这是一个投机概念，不属于价值投资的范畴。",19,{"title":129,"slug":130,"description":131,"category":132,"order":133,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"企业文化","qiyewenhua","段永平对企业文化的重视可以追溯到1990年代在小霸王和步步高的经营实践中。1999年在人民大学问答中，当被问及步步高企业文化的核心是什么时，段永平给出了简洁的回答：\"本分。不过我认为成功的企业都是相似...","企业经营",20,{"title":135,"slug":136,"description":137,"category":132,"order":138,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"品牌","pinpai","段永平对品牌的理解始于1990年代做小霸王时期。他最早通过请成龙拍摄\"望子成龙小霸王\"广告建立品牌知名度，后来在创建步步高时再次系统运用品牌策略。2000年在央视\"品牌与传播国际论坛\"上的演讲是他最早...",21,{"title":140,"slug":141,"description":142,"category":132,"order":143,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"差异化","chayihua","差异化是段永平商业思想中最核心的概念之一。最早可追溯到2002年CCTV《卖点》栏目中，他向澳视投影机公司提出\"产品差异化\"的建议。后来在投资问答中，他对差异化给出了精确定义。最经典的定义出现在201...",22,{"title":145,"slug":146,"description":147,"category":132,"order":148,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"定价权","dingjiaquan","定价权是段永平理解好生意和护城河的重要指标。它不是随意卖高价的能力，而是因为产品差异化、用户信任和长期价值，让企业在合理范围内拥有不被价格战牵着走的能力。",22.5,{"title":150,"slug":151,"description":152,"category":132,"order":153,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"用户体验","yonghutiyan","段永平对用户体验的关注可以追溯到他做小霸王和步步高时期，那时他用\"消费者导向\"来表达类似的理念。2003年北大演讲中他说：\"对于企业来说，最重要的是产品，而产品又必须以消费者为导向，所以最终你要找准消...",23,{"title":155,"slug":156,"description":157,"category":132,"order":158,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"渠道","qudao","段永平对渠道的理解来源于他在步步高建立全国销售网络的实战经验。1999年在人民大学问答中，被问及步步高在管理上有什么特点时，他提到了\"地区唯一代理制\"的渠道管理模式。这是他最早公开谈论渠道策略的记录。",24,{"title":160,"slug":161,"description":162,"category":132,"order":163,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"平台","pingtai","段永平使用\"平台\"概念主要集中在分析苹果公司的商业模式时。最早出现在2011年他写的\"买入苹果思考\"中：",25,{"title":165,"slug":166,"description":167,"category":132,"order":168,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"生态系统","shengtaixitong","段永平使用\"生态系统\"这一概念主要是在分析苹果公司时。最早出现在2012年前后的投资问答中。当一位网友详细描述了苹果设备之间的联动体验（iPhone、iPad、Mac的无缝协作、App Store应用...",26,{"title":170,"slug":171,"description":172,"category":132,"order":173,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"单一产品","danyichanpin","段永平对\"单一产品\"模式的认识，最早源于1990年代做小霸王游戏机的亲身经验，后来在投资苹果时形成了系统化的理论表述。2011年他在\"买入苹果思考\"中首次系统阐述：",27,{"title":175,"slug":176,"description":177,"category":132,"order":178,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"造钟人","zaozhongren","\"造钟人\"与\"报时人\"的概念源自吉姆·柯林斯的《基业长青》（Built to Last）。段永平深受此书影响，将这一框架广泛用于评估企业创始人和领导者。所谓\"报时人\"是指凭个人天赋做出正确判断、做出伟...",28,{"title":180,"slug":181,"description":182,"category":132,"order":183,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"利润之上的追求","lirunzhishangdezhuiqiu","\"利润之上的追求\"是段永平从吉姆·柯林斯《基业长青》（Built to Last）中吸收的核心概念，也是他评判企业文化好坏的最重要标准。段永平对这一概念给出了多个层次的定义：",29,{"title":185,"slug":186,"description":187,"category":188,"order":189,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"进取心","jinquxin","进取心作为段永平\"五心\"框架的组成部分，最早出现在1999年步步高内部讲话中。段永平将其定义为企业如同职业运动员在比赛中的拼搏精神，是企业存在的使命和价值所在。","品格与心性",30,{"title":191,"slug":192,"description":193,"category":188,"order":194,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"耐心","naixin","耐心作为段永平\"五心\"框架的组成部分，最早出现在1999年步步高内部讲话中。段永平将其比喻为马拉松比赛中的坚韧，是企业和投资成功的必要条件。",31,{"title":196,"slug":197,"description":198,"category":188,"order":199,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"责任心","zerenxin","责任心作为段永平\"五心\"框架的组成部分，最早出现在1999年步步高内部讲话中。段永平将责任心定义为团队成员对团队、对家庭所肩负的责任意识，是\"抱团打天下\"的基础。",32,{"title":201,"slug":202,"description":203,"category":188,"order":204,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"爱心","aixin","爱心作为段永平\"五心\"框架的组成部分，最早出现在1999年步步高内部讲话中。段永平将爱心定义为维系团队精神的纽带，也将其视为培养下一代最重要的品质。",33,{"title":206,"slug":207,"description":208,"category":188,"order":209,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"信誉","xinyu","信誉是段永平思想体系中最早期的核心概念之一，与\"本分\"和\"诚信\"密切相关。最早可追溯到1999年的多篇采访中。段永平将信誉定义为一种发自内心的本分，而非做给别人看的手段，并强调\"只有等你为曾经许下的承...",34,{"title":211,"slug":212,"description":213,"category":188,"order":214,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"正直","zhengzhi","正直（Integrity）是段永平个人品质中最为强调的核心特质之一。他在多个场合将其与\"诚信\"等同，使用英文\"Integrity\"来表达。最早可追溯到2001年《经营天下》访谈和2009年浙大MBA分...",35,{"title":216,"slug":217,"description":218,"category":188,"order":219,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"理性","lixing","理性是段永平思想体系中的核心概念，与平常心高度重叠。段永平认为芒格所说的\"rationality\"（理性）就是他所说的\"平常心\"。理性的内涵在早期文献中已隐含存在（2000年《经营者》杂志记者就描述他...",36,{"title":221,"slug":222,"description":223,"category":188,"order":224,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"长期主义","zhangqizhuyi","长期主义是段永平思想体系中较晚才明确使用的概念标签，但其内涵（想长远、跑马拉松、追求健康长久的发展）从1990年代就贯穿始终。2025年与王石对话中，段永平首次给出了完整的逻辑定义：平常心不是心态，而...",37,{"title":226,"slug":227,"description":228,"category":229,"order":230,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"段永平推荐书单","tuijianshudan","段永平历年亲口推荐、读过称赞、以及明确不推荐的书，一份带出处的清单。他一再强调“好书一本就够”，真正反复推崇的其实就是《巴菲特致股东的信》。","推荐书单",50,{"title":232,"slug":233,"description":234,"category":235,"order":236,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"1998年段永平对步步高所有营销人员的讲话","duanyongping-1998nian-bubugao-yingxiaorenyuan-jianghua","段永平面向步步高营销人员阐述本分、信誉、聚焦、敢为天下后与不攻击对手等经营原则。","访谈实录",98,{"title":238,"slug":239,"description":240,"category":235,"order":241,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"1998年巴菲特佛罗里达大学演讲","buffett-1998nian-foluolida-daxue-yanjiang","巴菲特1998年佛罗里达大学演讲及问答，讨论能力圈、企业价值、投资错误、集中投资与人生选择。",99,{"title":243,"slug":244,"description":245,"category":235,"order":246,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"1999年 《都市快报》采访手记","duanyongping-1999nian-doushikuaibao-caifangshouji","段永平畅谈本分做人做企业的理念，回顾从小霸王到步步高的创业历程，强调信誉、股份制与平常心的重要性。",100,{"title":248,"slug":249,"description":250,"category":235,"order":251,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"1999年 步步高讲话","duanyongping-1999nian-bubugaojianghua","段永平阐述步步高企业的本分精神，强调平常心、进取心、耐心、责任心和爱心是企业生存发展的基本原则。",101,{"title":253,"slug":254,"description":255,"category":235,"order":256,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"1999年做客人民大学精彩问答实录","duanyongping-1999nianzuokerenmindaxuejingcaiwendashilu","段永平在人民大学分享本分经营、敢为天下后、焦点法则等企业理念，并与学生互动探讨创业、品牌与人生。",102,{"title":258,"slug":259,"description":260,"category":235,"order":261,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2000年 《销售与市场》杂志专访","duanyongping-2000nian-xiaoshouyushichang-zazhizhuanfang","段永平谈步步高的品牌定位、本分竞争哲学、广告策略，强调不创造利润的企业是罪恶的，反对盲目多元化。",103,{"title":263,"slug":264,"description":265,"category":235,"order":266,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2000年在央视“品牌与传播国际论坛”上的演讲","duanyongping-2000nianzaiyangshi-pinpaiyuchuanboguojiluntan-shangdeyanjiang","段永平分享在央视投放广告的实战经验，强调广告只是经营环节之一，产品品质才是品牌根基。",104,{"title":268,"slug":269,"description":270,"category":235,"order":271,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2000追逐世界的节奏 —— 《经营者》杂志2000年，步步高总经理访谈记录","duanyongping-2000zhuizhushijiedejiezou-jingyingzhe-zazhi2000nian-bubugaozongjing","全面回顾段永平从小霸王到步步高的创业历程，详述品牌运作、本分信誉、高速公路经营哲学与平常心理念。",105,{"title":273,"slug":274,"description":275,"category":235,"order":276,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2001《经营天下：高峰论坛 之 段永平》—— 2001年末中国20位行业巨头面对面访谈录","duanyongping-2001-jingyingtianxia-gaofengluntan-zhi-duanyongping-2001nianmozhong","段永平深度阐述诚信为本、安全发展、敢为天下后、反对盲目创新与多元化等企业经营核心理念。",106,{"title":278,"slug":279,"description":280,"category":235,"order":281,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2001年 我为什么要去读书？ —— 《读者》2001年11月刊","duanyongping-2001nian-woweishenmeyaoqudushu-duzhe-2001nian11yuekan","段永平讲述在中欧商学院读MBA的原因：系统学习管理知识以应对WTO竞争，并推动全员学习降低沟通成本。",107,{"title":283,"slug":284,"description":285,"category":235,"order":286,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2001年《世界经理人文摘》专访","duanyongping-2001nian-shijiejinglirenwenzhai-zhuanfang","段永平详解敢为天下后战略：后来者如何通过综合素质、品质管理和平常心实现后来居上。",108,{"title":288,"slug":289,"description":290,"category":235,"order":291,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2002年 CCTV2经济频道《卖点》栏目采访：投影机能否走进家庭？","duanyongping-2002nian-cctv2jingjipindao-maidian-lanmucaifang-touyingjinengfouzou","段永平作为嘉宾为创业公司把脉，建议先在专业市场站稳脚跟，通过差异化竞争和定向宣传求生存发展。",109,{"title":293,"slug":294,"description":295,"category":235,"order":296,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2003年北京大学总裁班演讲座谈会全程实录","duanyongping-2003nianbeijingdaxuezongcaibanyanjiangzuotanhuiquanchengshilu","段永平在北大系统阐述诚信为本、平常心经营、消费者导向等理念，并就选人用人、企业管理等问题答疑。",110,{"title":298,"slug":299,"description":300,"category":235,"order":301,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2004财富人生—段永平 2004 采访","duanyongping-2004caifurensheng-duanyongping-2004-caifang","段永平回顾明星广告策略的商业逻辑，讲述施瓦辛格广告风波中坚守本分、信守合同承诺的故事。",111,{"title":303,"slug":304,"description":305,"category":235,"order":306,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2005年步步高十周年“记”念晚会：段永平发言","duanyongping-2005nianbubugaoshizhounian-ji-nianwanhui-duanyongpingfayan","段永平在步步高十周年回顾企业理念，确立本分、诚信等核心价值观，提出“更健康更长久”的企业愿景。",112,{"title":308,"slug":309,"description":310,"category":235,"order":311,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2006年 深度对话网易证券全程实录","duanyongping-2006nian-shenduduihuawangyizhengquanquanchengshilu","段永平分享巴菲特午餐竞拍背后的故事，详述价值投资理念、网易投资经历及从做企业到做投资的转型心得。",113,{"title":313,"slug":314,"description":315,"category":235,"order":316,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2006年做客新浪财经频道聊天全实录","duanyongping-2006nianzuokexinlangcaijingpindaoliaotianquanshilu","段永平首次做客新浪聊天，谈与巴菲特午餐缘起、价值投资理念、投资网易始末及慈善观。",114,{"title":318,"slug":319,"description":320,"category":235,"order":321,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2006年浙大“实话实说”","duanyongping-2006nianzheda-shihuashishuo","段永平捐赠浙大后座谈，谈教育捐赠初衷、求是精神、学生应脚踏实地而非空立大志，享受过程最重要。",115,{"title":323,"slug":324,"description":325,"category":235,"order":326,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2007年与巴菲特共进午餐后网易专访","duanyongping-2007nianyubafeitegongjinwucanhouwangyizhuanfang","段永平分享巴菲特午餐感悟，强调买股票就是买公司、耐心等待好价格、长期持有的价值投资原则。",116,{"title":328,"slug":329,"description":330,"category":235,"order":331,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2007年波士堂访谈","duanyongping-2007nianboshitangfangtan","段永平做客波士堂，谈步步高敢为天下后策略、消费者导向、追求健康长寿而非企业规模。",117,{"title":333,"slug":334,"description":335,"category":235,"order":336,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2009年 深度专访： 探讨公益人生，分享成功体会","duanyongping-2009nian-shenduzhuanfang-tantaogongyirensheng-fenxiangchenggongtihu","段永平深度访谈，谈成功定义、慈善理念、本分诚信的企业文化、家庭与事业的平衡。",118,{"title":338,"slug":339,"description":340,"category":235,"order":341,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2009年《21世纪经济报道》独家专访：我不认为巴菲特是股神（2009年）","duanyongping-2009nian-21shijijingjibaodao-dujiazhuanfang-woburenweibafeiteshigus","段永平第二次与巴菲特午餐后受访，强调不要神化巴菲特、以平常心学习其投资智慧。",119,{"title":343,"slug":344,"description":345,"category":235,"order":346,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2009浙大MBA分享：企业追求的是稳健的发展，基本功最重要","duanyongping-2009zhedambafenxiang-qiyezhuiqiudeshiwenjiandefazhan-jibengongzuizh","段永平浙大MBA分享，谈企业基本功、本分文化的核心价值、稳健发展胜过盲目扩张。",120,{"title":348,"slug":349,"description":350,"category":235,"order":351,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2010年 步步高董事长段永平和人大校长纪宝成记者会实录","duanyongping-2010nian-bubugaodongshizhangduanyongpingherendaxiaozhangjibaochengj","段永平向人大捐赠3000万美元，谈配比基金模式、教育慈善理念及校友回馈责任。",121,{"title":353,"slug":354,"description":355,"category":235,"order":356,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2011年买入苹果思考","duanyongping-2011nianmairupingguosikao","段永平分析苹果商业模式，论其单品策略、生态系统护城河、消费者导向及长期投资价值。",122,{"title":358,"slug":359,"description":360,"category":235,"order":361,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2013年浙大演讲","duanyongping-2013nianzhedayanjiang","段永平浙大演讲三要点：脚踏实地做事、知道什么不该做、做正直的人。",123,{"title":363,"slug":364,"description":365,"category":235,"order":366,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2015年苹果CEO库克华盛顿大学毕业典礼演讲：找到你的北斗星","tim-cook-2015nian-huashengdundaxue-biyeyanjiang","蒂姆·库克在2015年华盛顿大学毕业典礼谈平等、价值观、乔布斯的影响与寻找人生北斗星。",124,{"title":368,"slug":369,"description":370,"category":235,"order":371,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2015年vivo 20周年晚宴沈炜讲话","shenwei-2015nian-vivo-20zhounian-wanyan-jianghua","沈炜在vivo二十周年晚宴回顾创业历程，讨论本分文化、用户导向、产品转型与企业愿景。",125,{"title":373,"slug":374,"description":375,"category":235,"order":376,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2016年浙大60周年专访","duanyongping-2016nianzheda60zhounianzhuanfang","段永平回忆浙大岁月，阐述做对的事情哲学、北极星概念及人生选择建议。",126,{"title":378,"slug":379,"description":380,"category":235,"order":381,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2018年段永平斯坦福大学53问","duanyongping-2018nian-sitanfu-daxue-53wen","段永平在斯坦福大学回答53个问题，涉及人生、企业经营、产品、投资、家庭与黄峥等话题。",127,{"title":383,"slug":384,"description":385,"category":235,"order":386,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2024年费德勒演讲：最优秀的人，也经常失败","feidele-2024nian-biyeyanjiang","费德勒在2024年达特茅斯学院毕业典礼分享努力、失败、人生取舍与超越网球的人生经验。",128,{"title":388,"slug":389,"description":390,"category":235,"order":391,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2025年浙江大学演讲及问答完整版","duanyongping-2025nianzhejiangdaxueyanjiangjiwendawanzhengban","段永平浙大最新演讲，谈做对的事情、AI时代机遇、创业投资心得及本分文化实践。",129,{"title":393,"slug":394,"description":395,"category":235,"order":396,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2025年谈躺平与内卷、与王石交流子女教育","duanyongping-2025niantantangpingyuneijuan-yuwangshijiaoliuzinvjiaoyu","段永平与王石对谈，论投资哲学、文化传承、营销本质、子女教育及平常心即长期主义。",130,{"title":398,"slug":399,"description":400,"category":235,"order":401,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2025年：方三文对话段永平：做自己能够喜欢的事情很重要","duanyongping-2025nian-fangsanwenduihuaduanyongping-zuozijinenggouxihuandeshiqing","段永平与方三文深度对话，谈个人经历、企业文化传承、苹果茅台投资逻辑及AI与教育。",131,{"title":403,"slug":404,"description":405,"category":235,"order":406,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"2025年vivo 30周年纪念晚宴沈炜致辞","shenwei-2025nian-vivo-30zhounian-wanyan-zhici","沈炜在vivo三十周年晚宴回顾步步高与vivo发展，阐释本分、用户导向、平常心与企业长期健康。",132,{"title":408,"slug":409,"description":410,"category":235,"order":411,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"段永平步步高内部讲话：道先于术","duanyongping-bubugao-neibujianghua-daoxianyushu","段永平在步步高内部讲话中谈道先于术、沉没成本、是非不给利益让路，以及企业文化是木桶的底板。",133,{"title":413,"slug":414,"description":415,"category":416,"order":417,"type":418,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资问答录主题目录","wenda-topic-index","按投资原则、商业经营、公司案例、人生与成长整理的段永平投资问答主题目录。","投资问答录",190,"topic-index",{"title":420,"slug":421,"description":422,"category":416,"order":423,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":9},"买股票就是买公司与价值投资","wenda-invest-01","汇集段永平关于“买股票就是买公司与价值投资”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",200,"qanda-chapter","投资原则与方法",{"title":427,"slug":428,"description":429,"category":416,"order":423,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"问答录：第一章 投资大道","dadaotouziwendalu-diyizhangtouzidadao","问答录：第一章 投资大道已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。","legacy-index",{"title":432,"slug":433,"description":434,"category":416,"order":435,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":15},"投资为什么简单但不容易","wenda-invest-02","汇集段永平关于“投资为什么简单但不容易”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",201,{"title":437,"slug":438,"description":439,"category":416,"order":435,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"问答录：第二章 商业模式和企业文化","dadaotouziwendalu-dierzhangshangyemoshiheqiyewenhua","问答录：第二章 商业模式和企业文化已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",{"title":441,"slug":442,"description":443,"category":416,"order":444,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":20},"看懂生意与能力圈","wenda-invest-03","汇集段永平关于“看懂生意与能力圈”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",202,{"title":446,"slug":447,"description":448,"category":416,"order":444,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"问答录：第三章 公司点评","dadaotouziwendalu-disanzhanggongsidianping","问答录：第三章 公司点评已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",{"title":450,"slug":451,"description":452,"category":416,"order":453,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":25},"风险第一：不做空、不借钱、不懂不碰","wenda-invest-04","汇集段永平关于“风险第一：不做空、不借钱、不懂不碰”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",203,{"title":455,"slug":456,"description":457,"category":416,"order":453,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"问答录：第四章 人生箴言","dadaotouziwendalu-disizhangrenshengzhenyan","问答录：第四章 人生箴言已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",{"title":459,"slug":460,"description":461,"category":416,"order":462,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":30},"市场波动、宏观与牛熊","wenda-invest-05","汇集段永平关于“市场波动、宏观与牛熊”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",204,{"title":464,"slug":465,"description":466,"category":416,"order":467,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":35},"长期持有、集中投资与机会成本","wenda-invest-06","汇集段永平关于“长期持有、集中投资与机会成本”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",205,{"title":469,"slug":470,"description":471,"category":416,"order":467,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"问答录：第六章 更新","dadaotouziwendalu-diliuzhangduzhegengxin","问答录：第六章 更新已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",{"title":473,"slug":474,"description":475,"category":416,"order":476,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":45},"现金流折现、PE与定性判断","wenda-invest-07","汇集段永平关于“现金流折现、PE与定性判断”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",206,{"title":478,"slug":479,"description":480,"category":416,"order":481,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":50},"买卖时机与“持有就是买入”","wenda-invest-08","汇集段永平关于“买卖时机与“持有就是买入””的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",207,{"title":483,"slug":484,"description":485,"category":416,"order":486,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":56},"财报、现金流、ROE与净资产","wenda-invest-09","汇集段永平关于“财报、现金流、ROE与净资产”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",208,{"title":488,"slug":489,"description":490,"category":416,"order":491,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":62},"分红、回购与资本配置","wenda-invest-10","汇集段永平关于“分红、回购与资本配置”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",209,{"title":493,"slug":494,"description":495,"category":416,"order":496,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":71},"投机、套利、量化与衍生品","wenda-invest-11","汇集段永平关于“投机、套利、量化与衍生品”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",210,{"title":498,"slug":499,"description":500,"category":416,"order":501,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":80},"投资心态、Golf、阅读与学习","wenda-invest-12","汇集段永平关于“投资心态、Golf、阅读与学习”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",211,{"title":503,"slug":504,"description":505,"category":416,"order":506,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":9},"伟大企业与长坡厚雪","wenda-business-01","汇集段永平关于“伟大企业与长坡厚雪”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",230,"商业模式与经营",{"title":509,"slug":510,"description":511,"category":416,"order":512,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":15},"商业模式与投资确定性","wenda-business-02","汇集段永平关于“商业模式与投资确定性”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",231,{"title":514,"slug":515,"description":516,"category":416,"order":517,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":20},"护城河与差异化","wenda-business-03","汇集段永平关于“护城河与差异化”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",232,{"title":519,"slug":520,"description":521,"category":416,"order":522,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":25},"好产品与用户导向","wenda-business-04","汇集段永平关于消费者导向、好产品与用户需求的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",233,{"title":524,"slug":525,"description":526,"category":416,"order":527,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":30},"创新与敢为天下后","wenda-business-05","汇集段永平关于“创新与敢为天下后”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",234,{"title":529,"slug":530,"description":531,"category":416,"order":532,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":35},"品牌的本质","wenda-business-06","汇集段永平关于“品牌的本质”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",235,{"title":534,"slug":535,"description":536,"category":416,"order":537,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":45},"营销、广告、渠道与出海","wenda-business-07","汇集段永平关于“营销、广告、渠道与出海”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",236,{"title":129,"slug":539,"description":540,"category":416,"order":541,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":50},"wenda-business-08","汇集段永平关于“企业文化”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",237,{"title":543,"slug":544,"description":545,"category":416,"order":546,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":56},"本分、平常心与利润之上的追求","wenda-business-09","汇集段永平关于本分、平常心与利润之上的追求的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",238,{"title":548,"slug":549,"description":550,"category":416,"order":551,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":62},"创始人、CEO、团队与激励","wenda-business-10","汇集段永平关于“创始人、CEO、团队与激励”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",239,{"title":553,"slug":554,"description":555,"category":416,"order":556,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":71},"Stop Doing List、聚焦与更健康更长久","wenda-business-11","汇集段永平关于“Stop Doing List、聚焦与更健康更长久”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",240,{"title":558,"slug":559,"description":560,"category":416,"order":561,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":80},"收购与多元化","wenda-business-12","汇集段永平关于“收购与多元化”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",241,{"title":563,"slug":564,"description":565,"category":416,"order":566,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":9},"苹果：产品、商业模式与生态","wenda-company-apple-01","汇集段永平关于“苹果：产品、商业模式与生态”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",260,"公司案例",{"title":569,"slug":570,"description":571,"category":416,"order":572,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":15},"苹果：管理层与企业文化","wenda-company-apple-02","汇集段永平关于“苹果：管理层与企业文化”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",261,{"title":574,"slug":575,"description":576,"category":416,"order":577,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":20},"苹果：估值、持有与资本配置","wenda-company-apple-03","汇集段永平关于“苹果：估值、持有与资本配置”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",262,{"title":579,"slug":580,"description":581,"category":416,"order":582,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":25},"贵州茅台：产品、品牌与商业模式","wenda-company-maotai-01","汇集段永平关于“贵州茅台：产品、品牌与商业模式”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",263,{"title":584,"slug":585,"description":586,"category":416,"order":587,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":30},"贵州茅台：治理、渠道与i茅台","wenda-company-maotai-02","汇集段永平关于“贵州茅台：治理、渠道与i茅台”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",264,{"title":589,"slug":590,"description":591,"category":416,"order":592,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":35},"贵州茅台：估值与投资判断","wenda-company-maotai-03","汇集段永平关于“贵州茅台：估值与投资判断”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",265,{"title":594,"slug":595,"description":596,"category":416,"order":597,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":45},"小霸王与步步高","wenda-company-bbk","汇集段永平关于“小霸王与步步高”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",266,{"title":599,"slug":600,"description":601,"category":416,"order":602,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":50},"网易","wenda-company-netease","汇集段永平关于“网易”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",267,{"title":604,"slug":605,"description":606,"category":416,"order":607,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":56},"阿里巴巴与雅虎","wenda-company-alibaba-yahoo","汇集段永平关于“阿里巴巴与雅虎”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",268,{"title":609,"slug":610,"description":611,"category":416,"order":612,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":62},"泡泡玛特","wenda-company-pop-mart","汇集段永平关于“泡泡玛特”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",269,{"title":614,"slug":615,"description":616,"category":416,"order":617,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":71},"消费电子与日本制造","wenda-company-consumer-electronics","汇集段永平关于“消费电子与日本制造”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",270,{"title":619,"slug":620,"description":621,"category":416,"order":622,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":80},"中国游戏公司群像","wenda-company-china-games","汇集段永平关于“中国游戏公司群像”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",271,{"title":624,"slug":625,"description":626,"category":416,"order":627,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":89},"互联网、科技与新产业","wenda-company-tech-platforms","汇集段永平关于“互联网、科技与新产业”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",272,{"title":629,"slug":630,"description":631,"category":416,"order":632,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":98},"零售与服务业案例","wenda-company-retail-services","汇集段永平关于“零售与服务业案例”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",273,{"title":634,"slug":635,"description":636,"category":416,"order":637,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":107},"能源与工业企业案例","wenda-company-energy-industrial","汇集段永平关于“能源与工业企业案例”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",274,{"title":639,"slug":640,"description":641,"category":416,"order":642,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":112},"传统行业公司群像","wenda-company-traditional-industries","汇集段永平关于格力、美的、比亚迪、万科、招商银行等传统行业公司的公开问答。",275,{"title":644,"slug":645,"description":646,"category":416,"order":647,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":9},"做对的事情与把事情做对","wenda-life-01","汇集段永平关于“做对的事情与把事情做对”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",320,"人生与成长",{"title":650,"slug":651,"description":652,"category":416,"order":653,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":15},"正直、理性与长期视角","wenda-life-02","汇集段永平关于“正直、理性与长期视角”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",321,{"title":655,"slug":656,"description":657,"category":416,"order":658,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":20},"职业、创业与享受过程","wenda-life-03","汇集段永平关于“职业、创业与享受过程”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",322,{"title":660,"slug":661,"description":662,"category":416,"order":663,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":25},"家庭、孩子与教育","wenda-life-04","汇集段永平关于“家庭、孩子与教育”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",323,{"title":665,"slug":666,"description":667,"category":416,"order":668,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":30},"开放学习、公益与社会责任","wenda-life-05","汇集段永平关于“开放学习、公益与社会责任”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",324,{"title":670,"slug":671,"description":672,"category":416,"order":673,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":35},"睡眠、减重、Zone 2与日常健康","wenda-life-06","汇集段永平关于“睡眠、减重、Zone 2与日常健康”的公开问答，按主题重排并删除重复内容。",325,{"title":675,"slug":676,"description":677,"category":416,"order":678,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第1节：伟大企业","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di1jie-weidaqiye","商业逻辑篇：第1节：伟大企业已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",401,{"title":680,"slug":681,"description":682,"category":416,"order":683,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第2节：商业模式","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di2jie-shangyemoshi","商业逻辑篇：第2节：商业模式已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",402,{"title":685,"slug":686,"description":687,"category":416,"order":688,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第3节：企业文化","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di3jie-qiyewenhua","商业逻辑篇：第3节：企业文化已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",403,{"title":690,"slug":691,"description":692,"category":416,"order":693,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第4节：产品、差异化与创新","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di4jie-chanpin-chayihua-yu-chuangxin","商业逻辑篇：第4节：产品、差异化与创新已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",404,{"title":695,"slug":696,"description":697,"category":416,"order":698,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第5节：品牌、营销与广告","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di5jie-pinpai-yingxiao-yu-guanggao","商业逻辑篇：第5节：品牌、营销与广告已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",405,{"title":700,"slug":701,"description":702,"category":416,"order":703,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第6节：收购和多元化","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di6jie-shougouheduoyuanhua","商业逻辑篇：第6节：收购和多元化已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",406,{"title":705,"slug":706,"description":707,"category":416,"order":708,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"商业逻辑篇：第7节：Stop doing list（不为清单）","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-di7jie-stop-doing-list-buweiqingdan","商业逻辑篇：第7节：Stop doing list（不为清单）已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",407,{"title":710,"slug":711,"description":712,"category":416,"order":713,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资问答录商业逻辑篇：前言：买股票就是买公司","duanyongping-shangyeluoji-qianyan-maiqushoujiiumaishangsi","投资问答录商业逻辑篇：前言：买股票就是买公司已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",408,{"title":715,"slug":716,"description":717,"category":416,"order":718,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资逻辑篇：第1章：投资理念","duanyongping-touziluoji-di1zhang-touzilinian","投资逻辑篇：第1章：投资理念已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",410,{"title":720,"slug":721,"description":722,"category":416,"order":723,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资逻辑篇：第2章：投资理解","duanyongping-touziluoji-di2jie-touzilijie","投资逻辑篇：第2章：投资理解已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",411,{"title":725,"slug":726,"description":727,"category":416,"order":728,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资问答录：第3章 golf和投资","duanyongping-touziluoji-di3zhang-golfhetouzi","投资问答录：第3章 golf和投资已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",412,{"title":730,"slug":731,"description":732,"category":416,"order":733,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资逻辑篇：第4章 财务理解","duanyongping-touziwendalu-touziluoji-di4zhang-caiwulijie","投资逻辑篇：第4章 财务理解已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",413,{"title":735,"slug":736,"description":737,"category":416,"order":738,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资逻辑篇：第5章：估值逻辑","duanyongping-touziluoji-di5zhang-guzhiluoji","投资逻辑篇：第5章：估值逻辑已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",414,{"title":740,"slug":741,"description":742,"category":416,"order":743,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资逻辑篇：第6章 投资方法论","duanyongping-touziluoji-di6zhang-touzifangfalun","投资逻辑篇：第6章 投资方法论已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",415,{"title":745,"slug":746,"description":747,"category":416,"order":748,"type":430,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"投资逻辑篇：第7章：案例分析","duanyongping-touziluoji-di7zhang-anlifenxi","投资逻辑篇：第7章：案例分析已按主题拆分，本页保留旧地址并提供新文章入口。",416,{"title":750,"slug":751,"description":752,"category":753,"order":754,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"段永平如何研究一家公司：从产品、年报到企业文化","duanyongping-kan-dong-yijia-gongsi","根据段永平的公开问答，整理研究一家公司的资料清单、阅读顺序和判断框架：产品、商业模式、企业文化、财报、专项验证与估值。","公司与人物",417,{"title":753,"slug":756,"description":757,"category":753,"order":758,"type":759,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"gongsi-yu-renwu","按段永平视角整理他高度评价、明显关注或正在重估的公司与人物，保留原文依据和边界条件。",5000,"index",{"title":761,"slug":762,"description":763,"category":753,"order":764,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"苹果：段永平为什么高度评价这家公司","company-apple","整理段永平对苹果的核心评价：用户体验、生态系统、商业模式、企业文化与管理层。",5010,"company",{"title":767,"slug":768,"description":769,"category":753,"order":770,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"黄峥：段永平为什么高度评价他","person-huangzheng","整理段永平对黄峥的评价：高信任度、看本质、学习能力、本分文化与做对事情的能力。",5020,"person",{"title":773,"slug":774,"description":775,"category":753,"order":776,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"泡泡玛特有定价权吗：段永平视角下的提价能力","company-pop-mart","从段永平的定价权框架出发，结合泡泡玛特产品定价变化、会员复购、毛利率、IP结构和库存数据，分析泡泡玛特能否随时间提价，以及提价后用户是否还愿意购买。",5030,{"title":778,"slug":779,"description":780,"category":753,"order":781,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"王宁：段永平为什么欣赏泡泡玛特创始人","person-wangning","整理段永平对王宁的评价：商业理解、做对事情、勤于思考、注重细节与团队能力。",5040,{"title":783,"slug":784,"description":785,"category":753,"order":786,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"贵州茅台：段永平为什么高度评价这家公司","company-maotai","整理段永平对贵州茅台的评价：长长的坡、厚厚的雪、好产品、品牌、现金流与减法经营。",5050,{"title":788,"slug":789,"description":790,"category":753,"order":791,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"网易：段永平为什么长期评价这家公司","company-netease","整理段永平对网易的评价：游戏业务、现金、丁磊、长期持有与好公司不要轻易卖。",5060,{"title":793,"slug":794,"description":795,"category":753,"order":796,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"腾讯：段永平为什么认为它是长坡厚雪","company-tencent","整理段永平对腾讯的评价：微信、微信支付、社交流量、商业模式、企业文化与机会成本。",5070,{"title":798,"slug":799,"description":800,"category":753,"order":801,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"阿里巴巴：段永平为什么曾高度评价又保留","company-alibaba","整理段永平对阿里巴巴的评价变化：企业文化、马云、长坡厚雪、业务复杂度与再现辉煌的不确定性。",5080,{"title":803,"slug":804,"description":805,"category":753,"order":806,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"拼多多：段永平如何看这家公司","company-pinduoduo","整理段永平对拼多多的评价：黄峥、本分文化、渠道、流量、风投性质与商业模式观察。",5090,{"title":808,"slug":809,"description":810,"category":753,"order":811,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"英伟达：段永平为什么说它厉害但难看懂","company-nvidia","整理段永平对英伟达的评价：芯片界的苹果、CUDA、黄仁勋、AI需求、护城河与能力圈边界。",5100,{"title":813,"slug":814,"description":815,"category":753,"order":816,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"任天堂：段永平从中学到什么","company-nintendo","整理段永平对任天堂的提及：渠道成本、单一产品、游戏行业经验、财务健康与企业追求。",5110,{"title":818,"slug":819,"description":820,"category":753,"order":821,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"GE：段永平为什么后来修正这笔投资","company-ge","整理段永平对 GE 的反思：企业文化、韦尔奇、integrity、复杂商业模式、多元化与看不懂。",5120,{"title":823,"slug":824,"description":825,"category":753,"order":826,"type":765,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"新东方：段永平为什么既认可又保留","company-new-oriental","整理段永平对新东方的评价：俞敏洪、好公司、力气活、生意模式、股价反应与象征性支持。",5130,{"title":828,"slug":829,"description":830,"category":753,"order":831,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"巴菲特：段永平为什么高度尊重他","person-buffett","整理段永平对巴菲特的评价：买股票就是买公司、真诚、朴实、长期、价值投资与平常心。",5200,{"title":833,"slug":834,"description":835,"category":753,"order":836,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"芒格：段永平为什么重视他的理性","person-munger","整理段永平对芒格的评价：理性、逆向思维、能力圈、Costco、反做空与长期投资。",5210,{"title":838,"slug":839,"description":840,"category":753,"order":841,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"乔布斯：段永平为什么说他既是报时人也是造钟人","person-steve-jobs","整理段永平对乔布斯的评价：苹果文化、利润之上的追求、造钟人、产品精神与库克传承。",5220,{"title":843,"slug":844,"description":845,"category":753,"order":846,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"库克：段永平为什么认为他是更好的 CEO","person-tim-cook","整理段永平对库克的评价：更理性、更好的 CEO、理解乔布斯追求、苹果文化与用户体验。",5230,{"title":848,"slug":849,"description":850,"category":753,"order":851,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"马云：段永平为什么一直认为他了不起","person-mayun","整理段永平对马云的评价：理想主义、现实主义、企业文化、勇气、阿里巴巴与保留。",5240,{"title":853,"slug":854,"description":855,"category":753,"order":856,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"丁磊：段永平为什么说他很有悟性","person-dinglei","整理段永平对丁磊的评价：很有悟性、网易、不卖公司、不会干傻事、单纯与现金克制。",5250,{"title":858,"slug":859,"description":860,"category":753,"order":861,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"马化腾：段永平为什么正面评价他","person-mahuateng","整理段永平对马化腾的评价：人不错、年轻、微信、微信支付、腾讯商业模式与长期影响。",5260,{"title":863,"slug":864,"description":865,"category":753,"order":866,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"俞敏洪：段永平为什么说他是条汉子","person-yuminhong","整理段永平对俞敏洪的评价：新东方、面对问题、韧性、好生意人、条汉子与能力边界。",5270,{"title":868,"slug":869,"description":870,"category":753,"order":871,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"季克良：段永平为什么说他对茅台至关重要","person-jikeliang","整理段永平对季克良的评价：茅台质量文化、造钟人、长期工艺、质量坚持与企业传承。",5280,{"title":873,"slug":874,"description":875,"category":753,"order":876,"type":771,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"黄仁勋：段永平为什么欣赏他","person-huangrenxun","整理段永平对黄仁勋的评价：真诚、有能量、长期方向一致、英伟达、AI 与能力圈边界。",5290,{"title":878,"slug":879,"description":880,"category":753,"order":881,"type":882,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"段永平高度评价过的公司","topic-highly-rated-companies","按段永平视角整理他高度评价过的公司，并区分高度评价、正面关注、曾评价后修正和仍需观察。",5300,"topic",{"title":884,"slug":885,"description":886,"category":753,"order":887,"type":882,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"段永平高度评价过的人","topic-highly-rated-people","按段永平视角整理他高度评价过的人：投资大师、企业家、创始人和关键经营者。",5310,{"title":889,"slug":890,"description":891,"category":753,"order":892,"type":882,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"chapterOrder":10},"段永平正在重估的公司","topic-revaluated-companies","整理段永平从看不懂、保留或低估，逐步重新评估的公司案例：泡泡玛特、英伟达、阿里、新东方等。",5320,{"id":894,"title":243,"body":895,"category":235,"chapterOrder":10,"date":10,"description":245,"extension":1282,"meta":1283,"navigation":1284,"order":246,"path":1285,"seo":1286,"seoDescription":245,"seoTitle":1287,"slug":244,"source":10,"sourceDate":10,"sourceUrl":10,"stem":1288,"tags":10,"type":10,"volume":10,"volumeOrder":10,"__hash__":1289,"_collection":1290},"dao\u002Fdao\u002Fspeeches\u002Fduanyongping-1999nian-doushikuaibao-caifangshouji.md",{"type":896,"value":897,"toc":1279},"minimark",[898,906,925,930,937,940,951,960,969,979,982,989,993,1014,1017,1020,1036,1042,1045,1051,1068,1072,1075,1081,1084,1087,1090,1096,1099,1106,1113,1122,1178,1182,1185,1188,1191,1194,1197,1211,1214,1217,1221,1230,1236,1239,1242,1245,1252,1258,1264,1270,1276],[899,900,901,905],"p",{},[902,903,904],"strong",{},"段永平","：1999年 《都市快报》采访手记",[899,907,908,909,912,913,915,916,918,919,921,922,924],{},"《亚洲周刊》近日评出了千禧年亚洲商界领袖人物20强，中国内地有两位企业家入选。他们是广东",[902,910,911],{},"步步高","公司总经理",[902,914,904],{},"和联想集团副总裁杨元庆。其中",[902,917,904],{},"先生以其“明晰的远见和创新能力”被《ASIA WEEK》评选为亚洲20位商业与金融界“千禧年行业领袖” 之一。作为中国商界青年才俊的一个传奇，",[902,920,904],{},"于本周悄然飘至杭州。1999年9月16日深夜，记者与他相约世贸中心大堂的咖啡吧，一向对媒体保持低调的",[902,923,904],{},"接受了本报记者的独家采访。",[926,927,929],"h1",{"id":928},"我不会讲故事","\"我不会讲故事\"",[899,931,932,933,936],{},"记：与好多媒体给你拍的照片相比起来，你给我的印象有两点，一是有点发福了，二是没有了照片上的那种霸气，像\"",[902,934,935],{},"小霸王","\"似的，你穿的也特别简单朴实。外界传言说你这人很低调，不事张扬，比如说你这人现在用的手机还是最老式的摩托罗拉。是这样吗？",[899,938,939],{},"段：其实我不是低调，应该说我做人比较正常，该怎样就怎样，不像有些人烧了似的，急功近利。至于手机，主要是因为没时间换，现在已经换了。",[899,941,942,943,947,948,950],{},"记：据了解，你的低调常常让好多满怀期望的记者败兴而归，因为你不会讲故事，特别是那些情节曲折动人惊心动魄的企业秘闻，而且你还经常严肃地告诉采访者：\"我们很",[944,945,5],"a",{"href":946},"\u002Fbenfen","，这听起来像废话，却是做企业最根本的东西。\"你真的很",[944,949,5],{"href":946},"吗？",[899,952,953,954,959],{},"段：",[902,955,956,957],{},"我觉得做人和做企业一样，都应该",[944,958,5],{"href":946},"。所以我觉得你和我之间的对话，我担心你会觉得很难受，因为我不会夸夸其谈，说一些不着边际和有趣的话，而这些是你们记者比较感兴趣的东西。比如你和我聊“经济全球化”的问题，这是一个热门，是好多企业和媒体都都津津乐道的话题，而我从不赶这个时髦。内地的企业比较喜欢将\"国际化\"念经一样地挂在嘴上，而很少去做一些实在的努力。我很少做海外合同，我们有如此大的国内市场，为何还要浪费时间到海外呢？",[899,961,962,963,965,966,968],{},"记：你不说并不代表你不在做。事实上我已经注意到，你在谈论某一件事时，往往都是下意识地用一种国际化的眼光或标准去评判。比如我问及你对\"",[902,964,911],{},"\"现状的评价时，你谦逊地称",[902,967,911],{},"是“小企业”，我当时很惊讶。后来我才知道，你是与国际化的大企业相比较而言。",[899,970,971,972,975,976,978],{},"段：对，要想把企业做大，应该具备这样的意识。",[902,973,974],{},"与国外的企业比起来，我们还差得很远","。我自己认为，\"",[902,977,911],{},"\"是一家规模不大却很健康的企业。",[899,980,981],{},"记：很健康？",[899,983,984,985,988],{},"段：对。",[902,986,987],{},"主要是指企业的体制和运作机制","。我们是一家纯粹股份制的企业，企业的基本架构比较健全，在这一点我们其实与西方的企业已没有什么区别，差距主要是在管理水平上。",[926,990,992],{"id":991},"股份制很健康","\"股份制很健康\"",[899,994,995,996,998,999,1001,1002,1004,1005,1007,1008,1010,1011,1013],{},"记：说起股份制，我想起你在中山\"",[902,997,935],{},"\"如日中天的时候，就曾向怡华集团的上层提出过想把\"",[902,1000,935],{},"\"搞成股份制的意向。当时你领导下的",[902,1003,935],{},"获得了超常规的的发展，年产值逾十亿元。按照事先敲定的分配方案，你本人与怡华集团之间利润“二八分成”，也就是说，你可以拿到",[902,1006,935],{},"利润的20%。现在有报道说，当时集团有时将\"",[902,1009,935],{},"\"的盈利抽走用于其它地方，这与你想将",[902,1012,935],{},"做大的愿望背道而驰。我想知道，为什么集团不同意你提出的股份制方案？",[899,1015,1016],{},"段：过去的事情不想再提。",[899,1018,1019],{},"记：据说当时你因为\"等来等去等不及了\"之后，便提出了辞职，准备自立山头。走的那天，集团老总陈健仁亲自送行，场面悲壮，很多人哭了，你也醉得不省人事。",[899,1021,1022,1023,1025,1026,1028,1029,1035],{},"段：不管怎么说，陈总对我有知遇之恩。你刚才问我，\"",[902,1024,935],{},"\"是什么性质的企业，我自己都不知道。当时我们光是注册的时候，就改了好几回，先是国营，后是集体，然后又变成了国营集体。有朋友笑我，你",[902,1027,904],{},"怎么在一个性质都不知道的企业里干了6年多！刚开始我无所谓，有钱赚就行了，但当企业做到一定程度时，我就觉得受到了很多钳制。",[902,1030,1031,1032,1034],{},"我想把\"",[902,1033,935],{},"\"发展成为中国的","松下，股份制是必须的，它是目前比较合理的体制，西方实行了好多年，已经发展成了一种很成熟的企业文明，它解决了所有权和经营权的问题，同时也\"搞掂\"了激励机制和约束机制。",[899,1037,1038,1039,1041],{},"记：再回到你现在的\"",[902,1040,911],{},"\"。所谓\"健康\"，\"股份制\"作为企业的原始资金来源是不是也算其中的一项健康指标？你个人占了多少股份？",[899,1043,1044],{},"段：那当然。现在公司的中层管理人员和好多员工都已入股，一些人把全部家当都押在了企业里。我个人的股份在公司里不算最多，大概一成左右，具体多少我也搞不清了，这要问财务。台湾的\"宏基\"大概占了19%左右。",[899,1046,1047,1048,1050],{},"记：那你觉得你与\"",[902,1049,911],{},"\"是一种什么样的关系呢？算是它的老板吗？",[899,1052,1053,1054,1056,1057,1060,1061,1064,1065,1067],{},"段：我算是\"",[902,1055,911],{},"\"的一个股东吧。至于是不是老板，我觉得自己最合适的称呼是\"职业经理人\"。我是这个企业的管理者，一些大的决策上我也受到董事会的牵制，当然具体的事务上我可以说了算，要不然工作就没法做了。这其实是比较符合现代企业发展的基本规律的。",[902,1058,1059],{},"松下幸之助","在晚年离开",[902,1062,1063],{},"松下","时，他的股份只占了整个",[902,1066,1063],{},"公司的2.83%。",[926,1069,1071],{"id":1070},"那位船长让我落泪","\"那位船长让我落泪\"",[899,1073,1074],{},"记 ：我知道你的理想是想做一位真正的企业家。在中央电视台广告投标的座谈会上，有位国企代表认为，作为一位真正的企业家，不应如此看中夺标一事。记得当时你拍案而起，说：\"真正的企业家搞不好企业是要跳楼的！\"。难得见你激动，你认为什么才是真正的企业家？",[899,1076,953,1077,1080],{},[902,1078,1079],{},"我曾经说过：\"企业成功了，是大家的功劳，企业失败了，则肯定是我的不对。","\"做一个真正的企业家不容易啊。真正的企业家搞不好企业真的是要跳楼的，但现在有哪家国有企业搞不好的老总跳楼了？看过《泰坦尼克号》吗？有个镜头让我感动，船要沉没的时候，船长坚决不离开，他要与船共存亡。那位船长让我落泪。如果把一个企业比作一艘船，那位船长就是一位真正的企业家。",[899,1082,1083],{},"记：市场的海洋里，如今百舸争流，万船齐发。你认为这样的船长多吗？",[899,1085,1086],{},"段：寥寥无几。这样的船长很难找到，连吨位大点的船都不多，联合舰队就更没有了。能真正称为企业的太少。",[899,1088,1089],{},"记：看来你这位船长也不好当。",[899,1091,1092,1093,1095],{},"段：是的。不说别的，我手下有五六千人和他们的家庭都与\"",[902,1094,911],{},"\"血肉相连，我们要是哪步棋走错了，就会深陷泥淖，大家都要敲掉饭碗，员工与企业的关系撕皮裂肉。所以我们现在的步子尽可能迈得稳些。我们在国内算是比较健康的企业，也就是安全意识比较强，健康意识比较强，不搞好大喜功，强调稳打稳扎。其实，我们也很脆弱。",[899,1097,1098],{},"记：愿闻其详。",[899,1100,1101,1102,1105],{},"段：一是没有很好的融资",[944,1103,155],{"href":1104},"\u002Fqudao","，二是有些政策环境还不够理想。这方面点到即止。",[926,1107,1108,1109,1112],{"id":42},"“",[944,1110,42],{"href":1111},"\u002Fganweitianxiahou","”",[899,1114,1115,1116,1118,1119,1121],{},"记：《Asiaweek》（亚洲周刊）评价到你的时候说这个人\"保守\"，但同时也说，你的保守对你也有好处。有人说你的\"",[944,1117,5],{"href":946},"\"包含了大巧若拙的智慧。刚才我见到了温州商界的南存辉，他算是敢为天下先的一个典型，而你则是\"",[944,1120,42],{"href":1111},"\"，因为从你做过的每一行来看，如游戏机、学习机、VCD和电话机等，可以说都是跟在别人后面\"入市\"的，但你却都能后发制人，在市场上取得了比先入市的企业好得多的成绩。你和南存辉有什么不同吗？",[899,1123,1124,1125,1127,1128,1151,1152,1155,1156,1158,1159,1161,1162,1164,1165,1168,1169,1171,1172,1174,1175,1177],{},"段：其实没什么不同。\"敢为于下后\"并不意味着不要进取和创新，而是\"后中有先\"，厚积薄发。南存辉说\"哪里有市场，哪里说有温州人\"，其实有了市场再去，就已经是\"后\"了。做企业需要",[944,1126,5],{"href":946},"，我不愿只有两分把握的时候就贸然行事，最起码也得有七分把握再考虑。",[902,1129,1130,1131,1133,1134,1137,1138,1137,1141,1137,1144,1147,1148],{},"我的\"",[944,1132,5],{"href":946},"\"里面包含了五个意思，即",[944,1135,12],{"href":1136},"\u002Fpingchangxin","、",[944,1139,196],{"href":1140},"\u002Fzerenxin",[944,1142,185],{"href":1143},"\u002Fjinquxin",[944,1145,201],{"href":1146},"\u002Faixin","和",[944,1149,191],{"href":1150},"\u002Fnaixin","。同时还有一点，就是",[944,1153,206],{"href":1154},"\u002Fxinyu","很重要，做人和做企业都一样。",[944,1157,206],{"href":1154},"是什么？是不是今晚上和你约好几点到，我到了，就是讲",[944,1160,206],{"href":1154},"？这当然也是，但这样理解太浅了。只有等你为曾经许下的承诺付出代价时，你才能明白什么是",[944,1163,206],{"href":1154},"。中央电视台曾有个记者与我约好下午四点见面，结果一忙，我把这事给忘了，到第二天才想起来。我忙不迭地给他打电话，第一句说是：“对不起，昨天我把约会给忘了！”我不像有些人为了一件承诺不能兑现而找出许多理由，忘了就是忘了，应该如实相告。那位记者后来和我说，就冲你这句话，就觉得你是个值得一交的朋友。",[902,1166,1167],{},"因为很多人宁愿费力地编出许多理由，也没有勇气承认是忘了","。我觉得这样做人会很轻松。我曾经为",[944,1170,206],{"href":1154},"付出了1800多万元的代价。所以我说，做人不能轻诺，沉默可以，一旦许诺，就要负责到底。当初我离开",[902,1173,935],{},"时，重起炉灶，好多人入股就是看重我的",[944,1176,206],{"href":1154},"，我一句话，他们就把全部家当都投了进来。",[926,1179,1181],{"id":1180},"想要改变自己勇气很重要","\"想要改变自己，勇气很重要\"",[899,1183,1184],{},"记：你从当初一文不名的穷学生到今日的商界精英，你所走过的路是很多年轻人特别是那些不甘平庸的知识青年所羡慕和关注的。能否说说你的学生时代？",[899,1186,1187],{},"段：这就要说杭州了。我是1961年出生的，1977年中学毕业。我常说我们是那个时代最不幸也是最幸运的一代。最不幸指的是文革我们赶上了，幸运的是，我还赶上了上大学。像你这个年纪可能还体会不到我小时候在混合班里上课的滋味。我17岁从江西农村考入浙江大学无线电系，1983年毕业后分到了北京电子管厂。那是个人才成堆的地方，工资是每月46元。大家都觉得自己很能干，都觉得自己待遇低，可大家什么都不干。",[899,1189,1190],{},"记：那时候你是不是觉得特空虚，特无聊？",[899,1192,1193],{},"段：是的，特别没意思。人就是这样，觉得没劲了，就会想办法改变自己。惟一的区别是，有的人有这个勇气，有的人则没有。1986年，我考上了中国人民大学经济系读研究生。那时候校园内经商热盛行，我也试着做过小生意，比如搞腾章光101。从那时候起，我发现了商业中的无穷乐趣。我不喜欢做贸易，这种两边空空的生意没意思。我当时就想，要是自己有个企业，该有多好！",[899,1195,1196],{},"记：后来怎么想到去了广东？",[899,1198,1199,1200,1202,1203,1206,1207,1210],{},"段：1988年研究生毕业后，我不想呆在北京，觉得北京对我这种人成功的概率不会大，因为这里不太适合我。当时就想到思想开放、急需人才的南方去。我当时就有这种心得，一个人一定要找到一个你成功概率最大的环境。海南去看过，后来放弃了，我们算是第一批敏锐地意识到海南\"泡沫经济\"的人。恰好有同学给我带来了他们生产的游戏机，我觉得这个玩意儿有戏，就来到了中山市，在我同学的引荐下，我进入了当时只有十几号人的日华电子电器设备厂，这也是\"",[902,1201,935],{},"\"的前身。1989年3月1日，我当上了这家小厂的厂长。说实在，这一变化，我的履历表起了很大的作用，他们一看我本科学的是无线电；又在电子厂工作过，研究生又学是经济，立马就要我了（笑）。所以人时候人的履历表也很重要，人家一开始并不了解你，最初的印象他只有通过一些纸上的东西来获得。",[902,1204,1205],{},"对于那些想在商界发展的年轻人","，",[902,1208,1209],{},"我的忠告还是那句老话：99%的汗水加上1%的灵感才有可能成功","。",[899,1212,1213],{},"记：听说你明年准备念在职的MBA？",[899,1215,1216],{},"段：对，这世界变化太快了，如果不充电，就很容易跟不上。",[926,1218,1220],{"id":1219},"比尔盖茨和我都是普通人","\"比尔·盖茨和我都是普通人”",[899,1222,1223,1224,1226,1227,1229],{},"记：有媒体报道您和杨元庆时，用\"两书生闯商界十年苦磨剑，",[902,1225,904],{},"杨元庆成千禧英雄\"来形容你们被评为亚洲商界领袖精英20强。我觉得这个标题很棒，那种时代的感觉非常到位。在新世纪即将到来之际，你和\"",[902,1228,911],{},"\"有何具体打算？",[899,1231,1232,1233,1235],{},"段：很难说。太具体了，会透露商业秘密，我们的对手也是一刻不闲着。说远了吧，万一实现不了，那不是穿帮？我不好\"雄才大略\"地说到2005达到什么目标，乱说可以，只要2005年不会到来就好。但这不可能。再过三年，我敢说，我们\"",[902,1234,911],{},"\"的技术水平可以达到台湾的一流企业，那时算是与国际接轨了。做企业就像下围棋，每一步都要考虑得远一些。下围棋只要有了两个眼，就活了，但我感觉我们目前还没有\"眼\"呢，危机四伏。我敢说目前还没有哪家企业有了\"两个眼\"，一不留神就会被劫杀。再说，围棋总会有下完的时候，做企业永远可以做下去。",[899,1237,1238],{},"记：这几天关于中国今年能否加入WTO的消息很多。对你来说，是否利好？",[899,1240,1241],{},"段：我当然希望中国能早日加入，这对我们做企业的来说，有个好处是国家的有关政策会更加国际化和规范化，但竞争也会更激烈。",[899,1243,1244],{},"记：本月底在上海将举行全球\"财富\"论坛，你会去吗？",[899,1246,1247,1248,1251],{},"段：我不会去。因为届时我在香港开会。其实财富论坛我也可以参加，只是要交3交万美金的会费，我就不乐意。说句玩笑，有钱人我见多了，连",[902,1249,1250],{},"比尔·盖茨","也早见了。（笑）",[899,1253,1254,1255,1257],{},"记：前段时间你与",[902,1256,1250],{},"握手言欢，参加了\"维纳斯计划\"发布会时，有媒体报道说你始终保持沉默？",[899,1259,1260,1261,1263],{},"段：其实",[902,1262,1250],{},"也面临着其他电脑企业的竞争，我们同样还是有空间可以争取。",[899,1265,1266,1267,1269],{},"记：说个轻松的话题吧。说说你的家庭和爱好，还有，有朝一日，你有没有可能成为中国的",[902,1268,1250],{},"？钱对你来说意味着什么？",[899,1271,1272,1273,1275],{},"段：我的小孩再过几天就8个月了，当爸爸的感觉不一样。我的太太原先在《中国青年报》当摄影记者，与你们是同行。现在她在美国还干这个。她的名气好像比我还大。有次《纽约时报》的一个记者采访我，我说起我太太是在美国搞新闻摄影的，他居然能说出她的名字。我确实很喜欢她拍的照片。我的爱好是喜欢玩游戏机，喜欢运动，喜欢打高尔夫球。钱对我来说，只是个数字而已。我不可能成为",[902,1274,1250],{},"。他比我了不起，但我看他同样是个普通人，就像你我之间的交谈一样，没有任何的不同。",[899,1277,1278],{},"（全）",{"title":1280,"searchDepth":15,"depth":15,"links":1281},"",[],"md",{},true,"\u002Fdao\u002Fspeeches\u002Fduanyongping-1999nian-doushikuaibao-caifangshouji",{"title":243,"description":245},"1999年 《都市快报》采访手记｜段永平投资问答录","dao\u002Fspeeches\u002Fduanyongping-1999nian-doushikuaibao-caifangshouji","tc8lnvEFEJjqzrJ46AbtwVAVxlX6kP4FbHpvq5DiHdE","dao",[1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337],{"title":420,"slug":421,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":9,"order":423},{"title":432,"slug":433,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":15,"order":435},{"title":441,"slug":442,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":20,"order":444},{"title":450,"slug":451,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":25,"order":453},{"title":459,"slug":460,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":30,"order":462},{"title":464,"slug":465,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":35,"order":467},{"title":473,"slug":474,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":45,"order":476},{"title":478,"slug":479,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":50,"order":481},{"title":483,"slug":484,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":56,"order":486},{"title":488,"slug":489,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":62,"order":491},{"title":493,"slug":494,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":71,"order":496},{"title":498,"slug":499,"type":424,"volume":425,"volumeOrder":9,"chapterOrder":80,"order":501},{"title":503,"slug":504,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":9,"order":506},{"title":509,"slug":510,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":15,"order":512},{"title":514,"slug":515,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":20,"order":517},{"title":519,"slug":520,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":25,"order":522},{"title":524,"slug":525,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":30,"order":527},{"title":529,"slug":530,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":35,"order":532},{"title":534,"slug":535,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":45,"order":537},{"title":129,"slug":539,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":50,"order":541},{"title":543,"slug":544,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":56,"order":546},{"title":548,"slug":549,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":62,"order":551},{"title":553,"slug":554,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":71,"order":556},{"title":558,"slug":559,"type":424,"volume":507,"volumeOrder":15,"chapterOrder":80,"order":561},{"title":563,"slug":564,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":9,"order":566},{"title":569,"slug":570,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":15,"order":572},{"title":574,"slug":575,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":20,"order":577},{"title":579,"slug":580,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":25,"order":582},{"title":584,"slug":585,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":30,"order":587},{"title":589,"slug":590,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":35,"order":592},{"title":594,"slug":595,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":45,"order":597},{"title":599,"slug":600,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":50,"order":602},{"title":604,"slug":605,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":56,"order":607},{"title":609,"slug":610,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":62,"order":612},{"title":614,"slug":615,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":71,"order":617},{"title":619,"slug":620,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":80,"order":622},{"title":624,"slug":625,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":89,"order":627},{"title":629,"slug":630,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":98,"order":632},{"title":634,"slug":635,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":107,"order":637},{"title":639,"slug":640,"type":424,"volume":567,"volumeOrder":20,"chapterOrder":112,"order":642},{"title":644,"slug":645,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":9,"order":647},{"title":650,"slug":651,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":15,"order":653},{"title":655,"slug":656,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":20,"order":658},{"title":660,"slug":661,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":25,"order":663},{"title":665,"slug":666,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":30,"order":668},{"title":670,"slug":671,"type":424,"volume":648,"volumeOrder":25,"chapterOrder":35,"order":673},1788062235989]